Metabolic syndrome relation with antipsychotics?

Metabolic syndrome relation with antipsychotics?

• A. FGAs
• B. SGAs
• C. Both FGAs and SGAs equally cause metabolic syndrome
• D. No association

Answer: (B)

Metabolic syndrome reflects a cluster of obesity, insulin resistance (high fasting glucose), dyslipidemia, and hypertension that raises cardiovascular risk. Antipsychotics, especially the second-generation (atypical) ones, are more strongly linked to these metabolic changes. The reason lies in their pharmacology: many SGAs block serotonin 2C and histamine H1 receptors, which increases appetite and weight, and they can impair glucose and lipid metabolism. Among SGAs, olanzapine and clozapine carry the highest risk of weight gain and metabolic disturbances; others like quetiapine and risperidone have moderate risk, while aripiprazole and ziprasidone tend to have lower metabolic effects. FGAs can cause some weight gain, but as a group they are less consistently associated with metabolic syndrome than SGAs. Therefore, the best answer points to SGAs as having the strongest relationship with metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome reflects a cluster of obesity, insulin resistance (high fasting glucose), dyslipidemia, and hypertension that raises cardiovascular risk. Antipsychotics, especially the second-generation (atypical) ones, are more strongly linked to these metabolic changes. The reason lies in their pharmacology: many SGAs block serotonin 2C and histamine H1 receptors, which increases appetite and weight, and they can impair glucose and lipid metabolism. Among SGAs, olanzapine and clozapine carry the highest risk of weight gain and metabolic disturbances; others like quetiapine and risperidone have moderate risk, while aripiprazole and ziprasidone tend to have lower metabolic effects. FGAs can cause some weight gain, but as a group they are less consistently associated with metabolic syndrome than SGAs. Therefore, the best answer points to SGAs as having the strongest relationship with metabolic syndrome.